Drive control means for rotary duplicating machines



c. A. LEvlN 2,629,322

DRIVE CONTROL. MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Feb. 24, 1953 9 sheets-SheetV 1 Filed Feb. 28, 1948 l lfll if 11111 l Feb. 24,` 1953 c. A. LEvlN 2,629,322

DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY OUPLIOATING MAcHrNEs Filed Feb. 28, 1.948 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 jUg' Z 124 j 44 138 c. A. LEVIN 2,629,322

9 Sheets-Sheet 3 zz'zor': 5 Earl 74. ZeUvz ym or/zev- DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Feb. 24, 1953 Flled Feb 28, 1948 fiar/ze s Il ln rl/ /rl l Feb. 24, 1953 c. A, LEvlN DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES F'lled Feb 28, 1948 C. A.- LEVIN Feb. 24, 1953 DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Filed Feb. 28, 1948 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 fizez for'. i Car( ewa 'n Zy- Sr Feb. 24, 1953 c. A. Lr-:vlN 2,629,322

DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR-ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Filed Feb. 28, 1948 s sheets-sheet s JYMBIZ for: l farli?. ezz

.n 4m m a n f Cf A. LEVIN Feb. 24, 1953 DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Flled Feb 28, 1948 Feb. 24, 1953 `c.'A.V| Ev1N 2,629,322

DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Filed Feb. 28, 1948 9 sheets-sheet e j orlzeys C. A. LEVIN Feb. 24, 1953 DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Filed Feb. 28, 1948 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 M Y %\\l SW .lil

Patented Feb. 24, 1953 DRIVE CONTROL MEANS FOR ROTARY DUPLICATING MACHINES Carl A. Levin, Park Ridge, Ill., assignor to Ditto, Incorporated, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of West Virginia Application February 28, 1948, Serial No. 12,092

(Cl. lOl- 132) 2 claims. l

machine and is specifically illustrated herein in conjunction with a machine of the wet type.

In this type of machine a master sheet is clamped onto a rotatable drum and a plurality of blank sheets are fed one at a time between this drum and a platen that is held in engagement with the peripheral4 face of the drum. These blank sheets are fed to this drum by a pair of feed rollers, `at least one of which provides a wet 'surface for moistening the blank sheets as they pass between the feed rollers. tened sheets passing between the platen and the peripheral face of the drum have transferred thereto the typed material that is disposed on the master sheet and the moistened sheets leaving the `drum are normally deposited on a tray that is located on the side of the drum.

It is an object of the present invention to provide such a machine that is power driven at selectively variable speeds. It is contemplated that this machine can be operated by the mere pushing of a button and the machine drum can be stopped automatically at the proper position for initially attaching the master sheet by merely depressing a treadle and manipulating a starting button. A clamp or gripping device is provided on the drum for holding the master sheet in place and in the present machine this clamp is manipulated automatically without requiring the machine operator to touch the drum. When the desired number of copies have been "run off on the machine the master sheet can be automatically removed from the drum and discharged from the machine by proper manipulation of the treadle and the button together, again without requiring the operator totouch the` master sheet kor the drum parts. All of this is accomplished in a simple and effective manner while at the same time the machine withits operating mechanism is extremely simple and foolproof.

The foregoing constitute some of the principal 'objects and advantages of the present invention, others of which will become apparent from the following description and the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a duplicating machine embodying the present invention, portions of the casing for the machine being broken away and shown in section; l

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the machine, the view being taken on` the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

' Fig. 3 is a horizontal `sectional view through the machine, the view being taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1';

process The mois- Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through the machine, the View being taken Aalong the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the lower portion of the machine, the view being taken along the lineV 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view through one end of the shaft of the duplicating machine shown in Fig. 2 and illustrating the cam and rocker arm arrangement operating switches or circuit breakers at home and master attaching positions respectively of the drum;

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view through the shaft, the view being taken on the line 'l-l of Fig. 6I

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevational view shown partly in section of the motor and clutch unit illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary end elevational view of the duplicating machine with the machine casing removed, the view being taken at the opposite end of the shaft from that shown in Figs. 6 and 7 and illustrating the master releasing mechanism and with a portion of the machine frame broken away;

Fig. 10 is a horizontal sectional view through the drum shaft and master releasing mechanism, the view being taken along the line lll-l0 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view through the duplicating machine drum and illustrating the master clamp and a portion of the release mechanism and further illustrating more or less diagrammatically the relative positions of the drum,

`the platen and the feed rollers;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view corresponding with Fig. 11 but illustrating the master clamp in the master discharge position; and

Fig. 13 is a wiring diagram showing the electrical circuit `for the machine.

For purposes of 'illustration aspecic embodi- `ment of the present invention isshown in the to Figs. 1 to 3 inclusivean embodiment of a machine illustrating the present invention includes a base or machine stand generally indicated at 20 on which is mounted a. duplicating machine generally indicated at 2 I. The base 20 comprises a'ba'se lcasting member 20a on which is mounted a housing 22 that comprises frontv and rear upright Walls 23 and 24 respectively fand spaced side walls 25 and 25. The duplicating machine 2l is mounted on a platform portion 2l provided at the upper end and forming the top of the base 20.

The duplicating machine 2l may be of a standard type that comprises generally a machine frame indicated at 28 in which is journalled a horizontally disposed rotatable drum 29. A paper supporting platform 35 is disposed below and adjacent to the drum 29 on the paper feed side thereof. A platen or pressure roller 3l (see Fig. l1) is disposed below and in contact with the periphery of the drum 25. The paper to be fed into the machine 2i is supported on the platform or tray 35 (Fig. 1) and is fed between a pair of feed rolls and 33 that are caused to rotate simultaneously with the rotation of the drum 23. The paper thus fed between the feed rolls 32 and 55 is introduced between'fthe platen 3l and the drum ilpand is then conveyed through the machine by cooperation between the rotating drum 29 and the platen 3i. The upper feed roll 32 serves also as a moistening roller in a conventional manner.

- As best yshown in Figs. 1 and 2 a pulley wheel 34 is mountedon the end of shaft 35 that supports the drum 29 and this pulley wheel 34 is belt driven byl a belt 36. The belt 36 operates about a lower pulley wheel 31 that is mounted on a shaft 38 that is journalled in a bracket 35. This bracket 35 is rigidly secured by bolts or the like as indicated at 45 in Fig. 1 to the Vplatform 2 on the base 25.

Mounted inthe lower extremity of the oase 25 is a motor supporting platform 4| (see Figs. l Aand 2) Vupon which is mounted a motor and clutch assembly generally indicated at 42. This motor and clutch assembly 42 comprises a drive motor portion 43 (Fig. 8) and a clutch portion 44, the motor 43 being provided with a motor shaft 45, on vthe free end of which'is mounted a pulley 46. A belt 4l operates about this pulley 45 and about a second pulley 48 that is mounted on the shaft 38 that carries the previously mentioned pulley 31. Thus the motor 43 isadapted to drive the drum 29 through the pulley drive belts 4l and 35 in the manner that appears obvious from Figs. 1 and 2.

The clutch portion 44 of the motor clutch unit 42 (Fig. 8) comprises a rotor 49 that is keyed or otherwise fixed to the motor shaft 45 and a cup-like stator 50 that is fixed to the pulley wheel 46. Between the motor shaft 45 and the pulley wheel 45 i-s a ball bearing assembly generally indicated at l that includes inner race members 52 that are xed with respect to the motor shaft 45 and outer race members 53 that are adapted to sandwich therebetween ball bearings indicated at 54. Thus the pulley wheel 45 together with the cup-shaped stator 5i) of the electromagnetic clutch 44 are rotatable as a unit independently of the shaft 45.

The rotor 49 may be of a conventional type for a magnetic clutch that includes a field winding 55 that is energized from an electrical source through contact brushes 56 and 5l that operate on commutatore 53 and 59 respectively. Theeld winding 55 is placed in an electrical circuit with the commutatore 55 and 59 in a well known Inanner and the brushes 55 and 57 are placed in a circuit with a )source of electrical current by suitable conductors 55 and 6l respectively. Thus during the operation of the motor 43 the motor shaft 45 is rotated and the rotor portion 4) of the electronriagneticV clutch 44 is caused to rotate with the motor shaft. During the period when the field winding 55 of the rotor is deenergized this rotor 49 rotates with the shaft 45 while the pulley wheel 46 and the stator 55 remain stationary. Upon closing of the circuit through the brushes 55 and 5l the field winding 55 of the rotor 49 becomes energized so as to rotate the stator 5t with the rotor 45, thereby rotating the pulley wheel 46. rhe drive for the drum 29 (Figs. l and 2) is thus established.

Mounted on the frame of the motor 43 (Fig, 8) is an electromagnetic brake generally indicated at 62 that includes a stationary electromagnetic ield ring 53 supporting an electromagnetic field winding 54. 1This xed ring is supported on an annular supporting ring 65 that is xedto the machine casing in a suitable manner as by a plurality of studs, one of which is shown at E6 in Fig. S threaded to receive nuts 6l. This field winding G4 is connected through a suitable electrical circuit to a source of electrical current as will be more fully described hereinafter in connection with the wiring diagram illustrated in Fig. 13. Upon energizing the field winding 64 of the electromagnetic brake E2 the rotating stator 55 of the electromagnetic clutch 44 is brought to rest in a well known manner resulting in the sudden stopping of the rotating drum 29 of the duplicating machine 2i.

, As wiil be more fully described hereinafter the drum 29 may be operated by manipulation of either of the foot switches 53 and 55 (Figs. l and 3) mounted in the bas-e casting 23a and each of these foot switches is connectedthrough an arm lil to a common shaft 'H that is caused to rotate upon depressing either of the foot switches. to rotate with the shaft ll is a switch arm 2 that is spring biased in one position as shown in Fig. 4 by 'a tension spring l5. ri-he upperend of the switch arm '52 is provided with a switch operating face member 'i4 that engages a movabie circuit breaker of a normally closed switch generally indicated at 55. Upon depressing either foot switch or 5S), the switch l2 is caused to rotate so as to move circuit breaker 5 to sep arate switch contacts 'l'i and l5 of the normally closed switch iii. Upon releasing the pressure on either of the foot switches 58 or 55 the tension spring l'S returns the switch arm l2 to its normal spring. biased position, thereby again closing theV circuit through the switch 7E.

For continuous operation of the machine a hand switchY indicated at 'i9 is provided and this serves to close the circuit through the clutch operating winding 55 in the same manner as in depressing either of the foot switches Eii or 5S.

A lso mounted in the base casting 2ia`is a treadle 50 (see Figs. l, 3 and 4) that is xed to a shaft 8l iournalled in the base casting 20a. Mounted on the shaft 8| and xed to rotate therewith is an upstanding switch arm B2 that is provided with a switch engaging member S3 that engages a switch contact arm 84 of a switch 85. This contact arm 84 is provided with a pair of oppositely disposed contact points 35 and i adapted to engage contact points 88 and 88 respectively on contact arms B and Si respec tively. The switch contact arm 84 is normally disposed so that the contact points 55 and ^88 Referring now to Figs. 1, 2 and 9 a bell crank lever 92 is pivotally mounted to rotate on a stud shaft 93 that is supported on the frame 28 of the duplicating machine 2|. To one arm of the bell crank 92 is fastened as at 94 a cable 95 that projects downwardly through the machine base 20 and is secured at its lower end to an ear 98 that is integral with the treadle 80. This cable 95 may be housed in a flexible casing 91. Thus as the treadle 80 is moved between the two positions, illustrated in the solid line position 80 and the broken line position 80a in Fig. 4, the cable 95 rotates the bell crank lever 92 about its shaft 93. Rotatably mounted on a shaft 98 that is disposed directly above the shaft 93 (Fig. 9) is a lever arm 99 that is provided at its lower end with a lug that is held between the jaws of a bifurcated portion |0| on the bell crank 92. Thus as the bell crank lever 92 rocks vabout its shaft 93 the lever arm 99 is caused to rotate about shaft 98. The lever arm 99 is provided with a lug |02 that rides in an elongated slot |03 in an arm |04, this last mentioned arm |04 being pivotally mounted at one end on a stud shaft that is fixed to the wall of the machine frame 28. Thus as the arm 99 rotates about the shaft 98 it causes the rotation of arm 04 about shaft I 95 by virtue of the cooperation between the lug |02 riding in the slot |03. A hand grasp knob |09 riding in slot ||0 in the frame 28 is provided on the free end of lever army 99 so that the arm 99 may be operated manually.

Mounted in the drum 29 is a horizontally disposed shaft |06'that is journalled to rotate in the walls of the drum 29 and xed to this shaft |00 is an arm |01 disposed at the same side of the drum as the arm,l |04. The free end of the arm |04 indicated at |04a is adapted to engage the free end of the arm |01 under conditions to be more fully explained hereinafter. Also fixed to the shaft |06 is a pair of spaced lever arms |08, one being disposed at each end of the drum and being adapted to rotate with the shaft I 06.

Again referring to Fig. 9 an arm I is pivoted about a stud shaft ||2 on the duplicating machine frame 28 and this arm is provided with a downwardly projecting portion I I3 having an elongated slot I I4. A slot |I4a is also provided in frame 28. A connecting link ||5 is provided at one end with a lug ||6 that is adapted to ride in the slots ||4 and ||4 a. The other end of the link ||5 is apertured so asto t over the lug |00 on the lower end of arm 99. Thus as the arm 99 is rocked back and forth on its shaft 98 the link ||5 imparts motion to the arm |I|` to rock arm |I| about the shaft I2. The fr ee end of the arm is inturned as at I Ia and is adapted to engage the free end of the arm |01 when the drum 29 is rotated under conditions also to be more fully explained hereinafter.

The drum 29 (see Figs. 9, 11., and l2) is provided with a master sheet gripper or clamp generally indicated at |41 that comprises a gripper element |48 that is slidably mounted in a recess |49 that is provided in the periphery of the drum 29. A stud |50 is threaded into the gripperv ele ment |48 at each end thereof and projects through the inner wall forming the recess |49 and is provided with a head 5| on the outer end thereof. A compression spring |52 is mounted concentrically about the stud |50 and isheld between the head |5| and the inner wall forming the recess |49 and this compression spring serves to hold the gripper element |48 normally in its master sheet gripping position. To release the gripper, force must be vapplied against the head |5I of the stud |50 so as to compress the spring |52 and this is done by the lever arms |08 in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter.

Referring now to Figs. 2, 6 and '7 the pulley wheel 34 mounted on the end of shaft 35 is recessed on its inner face yas at ||1 and is pro vided with a hub portion ||8. Mounted on this hub I8 and in the recessed face I1 of the pulley wheel 34 is a cam ||9 that is xed to the pulley wheel by means of bolts or the like |20'. As best shown in Fig. 6 this cam I I9 is circular throughout substantially its entire circumference and is provided with an outwardly cammed portion |2| at one position on the circumference.

Pivotaliy mounted on shafts |22 and |253 respectively that are fixed to the brackets |44 is a pair of rocker arms |24 and |25 respectively. Rocker arm |24 is provided with a cam follower roller |26 at one end and a switch engaging portion |21 on the other end. Rocker arm |25 is provided with a cam follower roller |20 at one end thereof and with aswitch engaging portion |29 on the other end thereof. The rocker arm |24 is normally spring biased by a tension spring |30 in a position urging the cam follower |26 against the peripheral surface of the cam I9 and similar- 1y the rocker arm |25 is normally spring biased by a tension spring I3I.l A circuit breaker I 32 is disposed adjacent to the rocker arm |24 and a second circuit breaker I 33 is disposed adjacent to the rocker arm |25. 1

The circuit breaker |32 comprises a stationary contact member |34 having a contact point |35 and a. movable contact member |35 that is provided with a contact point |31. The movable contact member |36 has at its free end an actuating knob |38 that is adapted to be engaged by the switch operating portion |21 on rocker arm |24.

Circuit breaker |33 comprises a stationaryl contact member |39 havinga contact point |40 and a movable contact member |4I having a contact point |42. The free end of the movable contact member |-4| is provided with an actuating knob |43 that is adapted to be engaged by the switch operating portion |29 on rocker arm |25.

When the drum 29 rotates in the direction shown by the arrow A in Fig. 6 the cam follower rollers |26 and |28 ride along on the peripheral surface on the cam 9 and while these follower rollers are disposed on the normal circumference of the cam ||9 the circuit breakers |32 and |33 are disposed in open switch position as illustrated by switch |33 in Fig. 6. When one of the follower rollers |26 or |28 rides up on the cam portion |2I of the cam I I9 the respective rocker arm |29 or |25 is rotated so as to move the corresponding switch engaging portion 21 or |29 away from the corresponding actuating button |38 or |43 so as to close the corresponding circuit breaker |32 or |33. 'I'his closed condition of a circuit breaker is illustrated by switch |32 in Fig. 6.

As illustrated each ofthe circuit breakers |32 and |33 is mounted on a suitable mounting bracket |44. Each bracket |44 is provided with an arcuate slot |46 through which pass a pair of screws |45 that are threaded into the machine frame 28. Thus the position of each bracket |44 can be initially adjusted with respect to the drum 29, `the adjustment being about the center of the drum. The rocker arm |24 or |25 is pivotally mounted as at |22 or |23 on the appropriate bracket |44 so that adjustment of the bracket effects proper adjustment or orientation of the rocker arm |24 or |25.

Fig. '13 illustratesa wiring diagram for energizing the motor portion 43 of the motor `and clutch assembly 42 and for energizing the clutch portion 44 (see Figs. 2 and 8). The motor 43 includes a motor field winding 43a and a starting winding 43'0 (Fig. 13) since the motor illustrated is of the induction type. This motor 43 is connected across an A. C. line indicated at |55 by means oi conductors and |52. switch |53 is provided in the power line |56 so that the entire system can be shut ofi. Also connected across the power line |50 is a transformer generally indicated at |54 in Fig. 13 that includes a primary winding |55 connected across the line |56 by means of conductors |56 and |51. The transformer secondary winding |56 is placed in a circuit by means of conductors |53 and |66 with a bridge type rectiiier generally indicated at |61 which serves to convert the A. C. current o the power line to D. C. current for operating the clutch 4t and the associated relay circuits. rEhe D. C. current is taken from the rectifier' i'i through D. C. lines 66 and 6|.

Again referring to Fig. 13 when the switch |56 is closed the motor 43 immediately starts operating and the primary winding |55 of the transformer 54 becomes energized so as to energize the D. C. circuit to the rectiiier i6! Under these conditions the circuit is as shown in Fig. 13 so that the D. C. current passes through conductor 60, clutch winding 55, conductor 6|, through a rheostat |62, normally closed circuit breaker |63 to the negative side of the rectier I6! through conductor 6|. The circuit breaker |63 is spring biased in the position shown in. Fig. 13 by means of a spring |64. The drum 2S cf the duplicating machine is thus rotated by motor 43 through the energized clutch 44 until the drum approaches home position where a relay coil |65 becomes energized as will presently be explained to move the circuit breaker |63 from its position against contact |63a to a second position indicated in broken lines against the lower contact |631) where the circuit through the clutch winding 55 is broken and the circuit through the electromagnetic brake winding 64 is completed to allow the current to ow through conductor 66 from the rectifier |6I, conductor |66, the electromagnetic brake winding 64, conductors |61, |68 and then through the circuit breaker |63 that in this instance is disposed in the broken line position shown in Fig. 13 against the contact |6312 and then to the negative side of the rectier |6| through conductor 6|. The drum 25 of the duplicating machine is thereby brought to rest at the home position and the machine is ready for operation.

The movement of the circuit breaker |63 between its two positions is effected by the relay |65 which upon energization moves a circuit breaker |69 to its broken line position |6961 into contact with Contact point |16. Circuit breakers |66 and |63 are mechanically connected to operate together by a link |1|. The circuit breaker |63 is spring biased to its solid line or open position shown in Fig. 13 by means of a spring |12. When the relay |65 becomes deenergized the springs |64 and |12 return the circuit breakers |53 and |63 respectively to their solid line positions.

The relay |65 is operated by a circuit that includes a conductor |13 that is connected to the positive terminal |14 of the rectifier |6|, they normally closed foot switch 16, the manually 'operated switch 19, conductors |15 and |16, switch A manual' 84 and then througha circuit that includes the circuit breaker |3301 a circuit that includes the circuit breaker |32, depending upon the position of switch 34, and then finally through conductor |11, conductor |18, relay coil |65 to the negative terminal |19 of the rectifier I6 i.

As 'previously mentioned when the manual switch |53 on the power lines |56 is first closed the drum 29 of the duplicating machine is caused to rotate until it reaches home position. As drum 29 is rotated (Fig. 6) the cam H9 is also caused to rotate in the direction of the arrow A and just before the drum reaches home position the cam portion |2| of the cam H9 engages the follower |26 on rocker arm |24 so as to momentarily move the contact point |21 of the rocker arm |24 away from actuating knob |38 on the circuit breaker |32 so as to close the circuit breaker |32 and energize the relay |65 (Fig. 13). The energized relay |65 thus moves circuit breaker |6911 to its broken line position which also moves circuit breaker |63 to its broken line position in engagement with contact |63b so as to energize the clutch brake winding 64 and bring the drum 23 to rest at its home position. When the drum moves to its home position the follower |26 has passed beyond the cam portion 12| of the cam H9 so as to again return the rocker arm |24 to a position corresponding to rocker Varm as shown in Fig. 6 where the circuit breaker |32 would be held in its open position.. The circuit to Vthe relay coil |65 however is still held closed by Fig. l normally closed manually operated switch 19, conductor |15, circuit breaker |65, through contact |16, conductor |18, relay coil |65 to the negative terminal |13 of the rectiiier I6 i.

To operate the machine and effect one complete revolution of the duplicating drum 29, one of the push buttons 66 (see Figs. l, 3 and 13) is momentarilyV depressed so as to int rrupt the circuit Yjust described through therelay coil |65 and as a result of thus depressing the foot switch 16 the circuit breakers |59 and |63 are returned to their solid line position shown in Fig. 13 by operation of the springs |64 and |12. Pressure is then released from the foot switch 16, causing it to return to its normally closed position shown in Fig. 13 so that the circuit through the relay coil |65 is reset for operation of the cam ||9- (Fig. 6) during rotation of the drum 29. As a result of this momentarily interrupting the circuit through the relay coil |65 the clutch portion winding is again energized causing the motor 43 to drive the drum 26 of the duplicating machine through one complete revolution until circuit breaker |32 is again momentarily closed just before the drum 29 reaches home position so as to again energize relay coil to move circuit breaker |63 to its broken line position shown in ig. 13, thus again energizing clutch brake winding 64 to stop the drum 29 at home position. During this single revolution of the drum 23 a copy sheet can be run oi from the master sheet.

For continuous operation of the machine hand switch 19 is manually moved to open position so as to interrupt the circuit to the relay coil |55 causing the circuit breaker |63 to move to its closed position shown in Fig. 13 to energize the clutch operating winding 55 a'nd'allowthe lmotor -43 to drive the duplicating drum 20. As long as the manual hand switch 19 is retained in its open position the relay coil |65 is deenergized at all times so that the clutch operating winding remains energized and the drum continues to rotate. Upon closing hand switch 19 the drum 29 will finish this last revolution to return to home position by `operation of the relay coil |65 in a manner previously described.

The rheostat |62 can be manually operated so as to place more or less resistance in the circuit to the clutch operating winding 55 so as to strengthen or weaken the electromagnetic field winding that operatively connects the stator 50 to the rotor 49 so as to produce relative slippage between the stator and the rotor. This results in a. slower speed of rotation of the duplicating drum 29. The rheostat permits selective variation of drum speeds over a rather wide range.

The circuit breaker |33 functions in the same manner as circuit breaker |32 but is located at a diiferent position relative to the circumference of the duplicator drum 29 so that when it operates to bring the drum to rest the drum is spaced from its home position by a distance correspond- `ing to the spacing of the two circuit breakers.

This new position of the drum is known as the master attaching position.

The drum 29 is brought to rest at master attaching position by depressing the foot treadle 80 (Fig. 1) at the time the foot switch 58 is momentarily depressed and the treadle 80 is held in this depressed position until the drum is brought to rest by operation of the control circuit. The depression of treadle 80 moves the control lever or circuit breaker 84 to its broken line position shown in Fig. 13 so as to place the relay coil |65 in the circuit that includes circuit breaker |33.

By referring to Fig. 6 it is seen that circuit breaker |33 is operated by rocker arm |25 that is provided with the cam follower |26 that rides on the cammed surface of cam |19. This circuit breaker |33 functions to momentarily energize the relay coil |65 in the same manner as previously described with respect to circuit breaker |32 and when the drum 29 reaches its master attaching position illustrated for example in Figs. 9 and 11, the master sheet gripper or clamp |41 is disposed in its open position shown in Fig. 11 to receive the master sheet that is manually applied to the drum. The drum is placed in this position by operation of the circuit through the circuit breaker |33 and is held in this position until the treadle 80 is released, at which time the control lever 84 is returned to its solid line position shown in Fig. 13. The drum remains in the master attaching position. The master sheet has thus been applied to the duplicator drum, and the machine is ready for operation.

The iirst copy sheet is fed to the drum while the drum is in the master attaching position and the first sheet is thus run oif from the master sheet while the drum is rotating from the master attaching position to home position. Thus, for the first sheet, master attaching position of the drum actually serves as the home position.

The levers |04 and are alternate devices for opening the gripper |41. Depression of the treadle 80 will cause both levers and |04 to be rocked outwardly so that the bent-over portions |||a and |04a, respectively, lie in the path of lever |01. Thus. lever |01 will be engaged and cause the gripper |41 to be opened.

Lever |04 opens the gripper when the drum is stopped in its master changing position. As pointed out heretofore, the depression of the foot treadle causes thev deenergization of the clutch winding and the energization of the brake wind'- ing at a point somewhat in advance of the master changing position, which is the position shown in Figs. 9 and 1l. This is for the reason that the drum is stopped not instantaneously, but is deaccelerated throughout a certain length `of time, with the result that just as the drum comes to a stop, the lever |08 is displaced by the bentover portion |04a, to open the gripper. In this position, the master sheet can be removed and a new one inserted.

The lever provides a means for opening the gripper momentarily right after it has passed pressure roller 3 I. The drum is not stopped when the gripper is opened at this point. Centrifugal force causes the leading edge of the master sheet to be thrown outwardly with the result that the master sheet is pealed away from the drum and is thrown into a suitable discharge tray, this being the same tray as that which receives the copy sheets.

To effect this operation, the treadle 801s depressed at the same time that foot switches 68, 60 are depressed and the pressure on treadle 80 is maintained so that the drum will come to rest in its master changing position, at which time the gripper is again brought to its open position as indicated above. The advantage of this mode of operation is that the master sheet is automatically removed frorn the drum prior to the time that the drum is stopped. Thus, as the drum comes to rest in the master changing position, it is ready to receive a new master sheet.

Thus, the present arrangement, embodying as it does two separate means for actuating the gripper |41, permits the master sheet to be removed not only when the drum is stationary in master changing position, but also it permits the master sheet to be removed automatically at another point in the cycle of operation.

In the present embodiment of the invention the motor 43 is shown as an A. C. motor. Obviously the invention is also applicable to a D. C'. motor drive in which case current limiting resistors would be employed instead of the rectifier ISI to provide the D. C. current source for the clutch assembly and the control circuit.

Throughout the specification and claims reference is made to a duplicating machine. This term is used in its broadest sense to include not only oice duplicating machines, but any of the machines that utilize printing or like processes where a rotating drum is used from which the original material is duplicated by transferring to copy sheets.

I claim:

l. A duplicating machine including a rotatable duplicating drum having a home position of rest and a master attaching position, a motor, means connecting the motor to the drum including an electromagnetic clutch, an electrical source for energizing the clutch, a circuit placing the clutch in energizing relationship with the source including a circuit breaker spring biased to closed position, a control circuit for the clutch including a relay adapted when energized to open and maintain open the circuit breaker, a circuit for the relay including a normally closed interrupter switch, a second and a third normally closed interrupter switch, means operating the second and third interrupter switches including an actuating arm disposed adjacent to home pocnf.J t. breaker', said circuit breaker serving to QlseQthecircuit tb the, brakeV when, it opens the cincuitto'theclutch.:

vdlplicating machine including a rotatable duplicating fdlili'n having a homeposition ofrjrest iid mesltez; 'attachna DesitQn. avmotor, means connecting 'theintor to `the drum including an electromagnetic, clutch, an, electrical source for e lthe clutch, acircuit placing themclntch in energlzmg rlationship with thersouifceincludi,

,cicuitbreakerf spring/biasedvto closed pocontrol circuit forlthe clutch including ada ted'. when energized to open and ta n op ri.thecircuitbreaker, and a circuit relay including a normally closedY interr; pier.. witch. asend, and, a` thirdnormally clsedinterrupter switch, and mea-ns operating Y the second and thirdv interrupter switches includ'- nfctiiatirg arm Adisposerlf adjacent to home xfstionand a4 second actuating arm disposed ad;- 'iaffm 110.5. master. aiiafhilgpesiion a Cam 0n energizing the brake-including a circuit breaker.

CARL A. LEVIN.'

REFERENCES CITED The,follo.wing references areof; recordv inthe lef of; thisfpatentl UNITEDV STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 15,687,587 Pearne Oct.v 16', 1928 1,993,413 Mellon Mai" 5,1935 2,176,897 Fodor Oct. 24 1939 2,185,188 Flanigan Jan. 2, 19,40 2,217,967 Gibson Mar. 31,Y 1942 2,411,122 Winther Nov. 12,1946 2,421,823 Allen et al. June 10 1947 2,423,028; Horton etal'. June 24, 1947 

